概括化依赖于获得研究证据 的样本的代表性（representativeness of the sample）。当样本具 备相似于总体牲的特点时，就认为获得了“代表性样本” （representative sample）。
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In this paper, the concept and principle of sample adjustment are given, and the application of sample adjustment for improving the sample representativeness is also discussed.
本文给出了样本调换的概念和理论，并讨论了样本调换在改善样本代表性方面的应用。
Process of collecting chip sample returned from drill hole, the related equipment, formula of calculating average assay of core and chip, as well as representativeness of chip are discussed.
阐述了岩屑从钻孔排出的收集过程与有关设备，岩屑定量分析值的计算，并举例说明岩屑的代表性。
The parallelity of contents is the basis of the whole parallelity of papers, which can be measured by independent experts through the judgment of sample representativeness.
复本试卷内容上的平行是试卷平行性的前提与基础。对内容平行的判定主要通过专家判断题目的取样代表性来实现。
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