The real shock to the economic cycle can be reflected by contradictions between the aggregate supply and aggregate demand.

实际冲击对经济周期产生的影响可以通过总供给与总需求的矛盾表现出来。

youdao

International Monetary Fund economist Dora Iakova has modeled what she terms the "immigration shock" and is convinced it boosted real economic growth in Britain by at least 0.2 of a percentage point per year after 2004, helping the country overcome an uptick in interest rates.

FORBES: New Britannia

But the real heart of the optimal currency idea is will the economies react asymmetrically to an external economic shock?

FORBES: Aussie $ and NZ $ To Merge? Discussing a Trans Tasman Currency