To offset this risk, the ECB came out and started buying Italian bonds on the secondary market, essentially taking the place of skittish private investors.

为了降低这一风险，欧洲央行挺身而出，开始在二级市场上收购意大利国债，简而言之，即从容易受到惊吓的私人投资者手中接盘。

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But it did not stop the work from taking place: instead the IVF industry blossomed in the private sector, funded by couples desperate for a baby and investors who had spotted a lucrative new market.

但这并没有停止这项工作的开展：取而代之的是试管婴儿行业在私营部门蓬勃发展，而私营部门由求子若渴的夫妇和发现了利润丰厚的新市场的投资者资助。

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When government wages are below those of the private market place, it attracts mainly individuals with below average abilities, the very people who in an economic downturn will be the first to be laid off.

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The market came up with the idea in the first place, mostly from private equity giants and some sovereign wealth funds.

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