Methods: to perform emergent endoscopic ligation in 138 cirrhosis patients with esophageal varices bleeding in a state of emergency and observe the hemostatic effect.
方法：对138例肝硬化食管静脉曲张出血患者在急诊状态下紧急内镜套扎，观察止血效果。
Objective: To explore the relation between vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and esophageal motility and cir-rhotic patients with esophageal varices bleeding (EVB).
目的：探讨肝硬化患者血浆血管活性肠肽（VIP）对食管动力及食管静脉曲张破裂出血（EVB）的影响。
Objective To determine the methods of nursing in patients with bleeding caused by rupture of esophageal and gastric varices.
目的探讨不同护理方法对肝硬化上消化道出血患者再出血率及病死率的影响。
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