These data sources range from powerful relational databases such as mySQL to non-relational objects such as Excel spreadsheets.

这些数据源包括像mySQL之类的强大的关系数据库，也包括像Excel电子表格之类的非关系对象。

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Relational databases such as Oracle or Microsoft SQL Server are non-temporal.

关系数据库如Oracle或Microsoft SQL Server是无时态的。

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These non-relational databases, with more flexibility than their predecessors, are important for social media and communications services.

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Non-relational databases and the arrival of SLA (systems-level architecture)-grade cloud infrastructure have made life a lot easier.

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The trade-offs involved in using abstracted data in relational databases versus non-abstracted data in non-relational databases, relying on pre-abstraction versus self-abstraction of high-volume data streams, and so on are not obvious, will change as technology involves, and will depend on the company and the problem.

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