Despite that modern option pricing theory can give an accurate describe of the interest rate movement, no arbitrage model, the equilibrium model, the martingale model all have deficit.

尽管现代期权理论能对利率运动给出“精确”描述，然而，无论是无套利模式、均衡模式还是鞅模式，均存在一定的缺点。

youdao

Asset pricing Theory is the core in modern finance. The two fundamental approaches of asset pricing are the no-arbitrage and the equilibrium.

资产定价理论是现代金融学的核心内容，资产定价的两个基本方法是现代的无套利方法和传统的均衡方法。

youdao