Government bonds issue take medium and long-term national debt as the main type, in order to meet longer requirement in project cycle of the infrastructure.

国债发行以中长期国债为主，扭转了国债中短期化的趋势，以适应基础设施项目周期较长的需要。

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National venture investment Employees fund-raising shareholding Managerial stockholding Directional issue corporate bonds Strategic investors Industry company …

国度创业投资员工集资持股办理层持股定向刊行企…

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Rather than issuing new national government bonds, everybody, from Germany (debt: 81% of GDP) to Italy (120%) would issue only these joint bonds until their national debts fell to the 60% threshold.

ECONOMIST: The future of the European Union