The main process of ice formation is the metamorphism from melting-refreezing of the seasonally accumulated snow, therefore there exists a broad belt of superimposed ice.
冰川积累区的成冰，主要是当年积雪以融化-再冻结为主要变质成冰作用，平衡线以上附加冰带宽阔；
With further melting, refreezing, and increased weight from newer snowfall above, the snow reaches a granular recrystallized stage intermediate between flakes and ice known as firn.
随着进一步的融化、再结冰，以及上方新的降雪增加的重量，这些雪变成再次结晶阶段的颗粒状中间物，介于小薄片与冰块之间，被称作万年雪。
In the large image, the area behind the shoreline is pockmarked by marshes, ponds, and hummocks characteristic of "thermokarst," landscapes created by the melting and refreezing of permafrost.
在大图中，海岸线后面的区域由湿地、池塘、热融冰丘形成了凹陷，融化的以及重新冻结的冻土层形成了这种景观。
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