When waves act on a vertical cylinder, there are in-line and lift forces. They are caused by the viscous effect, which induces the surface frictional force and flow separation and vortex shedding.

通常将垂直柱体在波浪场中的受力分为正向力(顺流力)与升力，它们是由干粘性流绕钝体产生的摩擦阻力和由于水流绕柱分离产生涡漩而形成柱表面压力分布的不均匀变化而造成的。

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