Most of these threats stem from the rising risk of default by some countries in the euro zone and the knock-on damage to the European Banks that hold their bonds.

这些威胁大都源于欧元区一些国家拖欠债务的风险加剧还有来自那些持有这些国家债券的欧洲银行遭受的撞击。

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As the Earth's ecosystem is a hang closely together as a whole, any sub-system damage will be caused knock-on effect is difficult to predict.

由于地球生态系统是一个环环相扣的整体，任何一个子系统的破坏都会引发难以预料的连锁反应。

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One possible explanation is that melatonin - a hormone produced at night - is suppressed in those working night shifts, having knock-on effects on oestrogen regulation in the body and protection against DNA damage.

BBC: 'Night shift link' to ovarian cancer