Conversion of activity standard state and standard free energy change in regular solution model are also discussed here.

讨论了正规溶液模型中活度标准态的变换及标准生成自由能的转换。

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The ground state energy and the binding energy of a bound polaron in Quantum-dot Quantum well structure are calculated, and the free polaron is also studied.

我们数值计算了量子点量子阱结构中的自由极化子和束缚极化子的基态能量以及基态结合能。

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Steady state thermal annealing was proposed by the authors as a means to check the relevance of the calculated free energy diagrams at some important compositions.

作者提出了用稳态退火实验来校验计算的自由能图在一些重要成份点的相对能态的合理性。

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In some sense, that's one reason to associate this as a kind of energy, H just like mechanical energy u or enthalpy H, it's the minimum free energy state that is the equilibrium state under the relevant conditions.

在某种意义下，这是我们把这些物理量称为能量的原因，就像机械能U和自由焓，具有最小自由能的状态在特定的条件下,就是平衡态。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

It's the state that has the lowest Gibbs free energy.

它具有最小的吉布斯自由能。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So, if, for example, we were looking at a hydrogen atom in the case where we have the n equals 1 state, so the electron is in that ground state, the ionization energy, it makes sense, is going to be the difference between the ground state and the energy it takes to be a free electron.

电离氢原子所需要的能量,如果我们看n等于1的情况,电子在基态，那电离能，很合理的就是基态,和自由电子态的能量差。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选