Both Europe and Japan have based their efforts on the development of analog systems that use wavelike transmission signals.

欧洲和日本都曾致力于开发采用波状传输信号的模拟系统。

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At present, polarization mode dispersion (PMD) has become an important limiting factor for the performance of long distance transmission, high rate data and analog communication systems.

目前偏振模色散(PMD)已成为长距离传输、高速率数据和模拟系统的主要限制因素。

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