Since 2003, the after-tax cost of raising debt has been much lower than the cost of issuing shares, even in the more expensive high-yield market.

自2003年以来，举债的税后成本已经比发行股票，甚至是在更昂贵的高收益市场上发行股票的成本要低很多。

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Economic Value Added is the real economic profits for all the cost of funds including equity and debt are deducted from the net profit after tax.

经济增加值是从税后净利润中扣除包括股权和债务的所有资金成本后的真实经济利润。

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