材料和方法：回顾性分析经食道镜确诊及处理的29例食管黏膜下血肿的临床及X线食管钡餐表现。
Materials and Methods: The clinic and X-ray features of 29 cases with esophageal submucosal hematoma proved by esophagoscopy were analyzed retrospectively.
方法对574例直达喉镜、143例食道镜、255例中耳-乳突手术行安定镇痛剂辅助麻醉。结果所有972例手术麻醉效果良好，尤麻醉意外和手术并发症。
Methods NLA was carried out in 972 cases, including direct laryngoscopic operation in 574 patients, esophageal surgery in 143 patients, middle ear- mastoid operation in 255 patients.
利用植物显微技术镜检法和食道瘘管法对放牧绵羊采食的高山草原植物成分与嗜食性指数进行分析。
Esophagus fistula method and microscopic examination technique were used to analysis the botanical composition, and preference index of forage selected by grazing sheep on alpine pasture.
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