非生产劳动是“生产劳动”的对称。直接或间接进行非物质资料生产的劳动。非生产劳动不是人类社会一开始就有的，而是生产劳动的劳动生产力能够提供剩余产品以后才出现的，它以物质资料的生产为基础。随着物质资料生产的发展，人们对精神生活、医疗保健、生活服务的需求相应增长，非生产劳动也有扩大的趋势。自人类社会出现非生产劳动以后，非生产劳动与生产劳动一样都是社会分工体系中不可缺少的部分。非生产劳动主要包括： 人们从事的基础科学研究、教育、文学艺术、医护、商品买卖和商业广告、生活服务等活动。
The traditional political economy considered parochially "productive labour" as the labour of producing material product, and taken "nonproductive labour" as the labour of producing immaterial product, and then considered that only the former is just the source of creation value, the latter does not create value.
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working class）、“生产劳动/ 非生产劳动”（productive versus unproductive labor）等，..
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生产劳动和非生产劳动 productive and unproductive labour ; Productive and non-productive work
非生产性劳动 Productive and Unproductive Labor ; non-productive labor
非劳动生产要素 non-labor production factors
非农业劳动生产率 nonfarm
非生产劳动不过是在生产劳动的基础上产生的满足人类的新增需求的劳动。
The nonproductive labor is but the labor produced to satisfy man's newly increased requirement on the foundation of productive labor.
通过对目前理论界两种完全不同的理论辨析，认为服务业劳动并不都是生产劳动，但非生产劳动也可以创造价值。
Through the analysis of two different ideas at present, a conclusion is made that not all service trades are productive Labour, but non productive Labour can also create values.
然而，一个社会却可以利用非生产劳动靠损害其他社会来增加财富，就象个人可以利用非生产性劳动靠损害他人来增加自己的财富那样。
A community, however, may add to its wealth by unproductive Labour, at the expense of other communities, as an individual may at the expense of other individuals.
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