并利用K相似原理，把表面裂纹问题转换为中心贯穿裂纹问题；
Then the K resemble theory was used to translate the surface crack to middle through crack.
接着，本文研究了含有中心贯穿裂纹和边沿贯穿裂纹 三维功能梯度板的断裂问题。
Then, the fracture problem of three dimensional FGM strips with center through cracks or edge through cracks is investigated.
X65管线钢在焊接过程中，内侧焊缝金属出现横向和纵向沿熔合线方向的裂纹，横向裂纹贯穿焊缝金属横截面。
The longitudinal cracks along bond line and the transverse cracks which cut across the weld metal cross section inside weld metal were formed, while X65 pipe line steel was welding.
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