细观元方法不增加结点自由度，却使得功能梯度板件的任意功能梯度变化、各种复杂边界条件得到反映。

In this method, functionally graded change, arbitrary form of plate and complex boundary conditions can be reflected without increasing the degrees of freedom.

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与自由水不同，含湿多孔材料中孔隙水的冻结点是温度和液态水含量的函数。

Different from bulk water, the freezing points of the pore water in a moist porous material is a function of temperature and liquid water con - tent.

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利用解析试函数法构造一个内参型四结点八自由度广义协调膜元。

Based on the analytical trial functions, a 4-node 8 degrees-of-freedom generalized conforming plane element with internal parameters is developed in this paper.

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