当我们更好地了解土壤多样性时，我们就能更好地预测森林管理对土壤的影响。
When we better understand pedodiversity, we will be better able to predict the impact of forest management on soil.
外来害虫可以对森林生态系统产生短期和长期的影响。
Exotic insect pests can produce both short-and long-term effects on forest ecosystems.
由于树种具有不同的、往往是独特的特性，森林物种组成的变化以多种方式影响着生态系统。
Shifts in forest species composition ramify through the ecosystem in many ways because tree species have different, often unique properties.
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