末端基因, 结构人类结构基因4个区域:①编码区,包括外显子与内含子;②前导区,位于编码区上游,相当于RNA5’末端非编码区(非翻译区);③尾部区,位于RNA3’编码区下游,相当于末端非编码区(非翻译区);④调控区,包括启动子和增强子等。基因编码区的两侧也称为侧翼顺序。
携带基因的DNA线型分子构成染色体,染色体端粒位于染色体末端。
The thread-like DNA molecules that carry genes are packed into chromosomes, the telomeres being the caps on their ends.
承载着各种基因的DNA分子就象一根长长的细线,并依一定规则扭曲成染色体,而端粒就象一顶帽子那样覆盖在染色体末端。
The long, threadlike DNA molecules that carry our genes are packed into chromosomes, the telomeres being the caps on their ends.
端粒可以保护基因,这种情况恰恰像鞋带末端的塑料帽。
Telomeres protect the genes, much like the plastic tips on the ends of shoelaces.
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