把注意力从向正当物品（如收入）征税转移到处理不当状况上（如交通拥挤），这会是个良好的开始。
Moving from taxes on goods, like income, to bads, like traffic congestion, would be a good start.
炭排放税就是对进口物品根据制造该物品所产生的碳排放量进行征税。
A carbon tariff would be a tax levied on imported goods proportional to the carbon emitted in the manufacture of those goods.
当时，多数关税是根据物品数量征税（例如每磅多少美分），而不是根据价值征税。
In those days most tariffs were levied on the volume of imports (so many cents per pound, say) rather than value.
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