欧陆刑法学上有四种不同学说：（1）形式客观说（die formal-objektive theorie）。 该说认为，对于着手实行之判断，应以行为人开始实行完全符合构成要件之行为为着手。
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也就是说，你对自己说，你知道吗，我为我自己感到骄傲：，我可以摒弃一切形式的主观，我真的可以做到客观。
That is to say, you're asking yourself, "Well, sure." You know what? I pride myself on this: I can factor out all forms of subjectivity. I really can be objective.
对于预备行为与实行行为的区分标准即“着手实行”，应采取形式客观标准和实质客观标准结合说。
It is assumed that the criterion of "starting to commit" should understood by combining formal objective standard and actual objective standard.
同时，应当从“客观说”的角度、从形式和内容两个方面对公务的合法性作出判断。
While, it should be judge the legitimacy of the official duties in Angle of "Objective said" from form and content aspects.
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