复杂系统在近年来成为理论和应用数学研究的热点之一。

The complex system became the theory and one of applied mathematics research hot spots in the recent years.

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精算师应用数学，统计学，和金融理论研究不确定的未来事件，尤其是和保险和养老金领域的问题。

Actuaries use mathematics, statistics and financial theory to study uncertain future events, especially those of concern to insurance and pension programs.

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研究人员应用一个数学模型来计算物种的堆积速率，也称之为多样化率。

The researchers applied a mathematical model to calculate the rate of accumulation of species, also called the diversification rate.

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