国家风险(Country Risk)指在国际经济活动中,由于国家的主权行为所引起的造成损失的可能性。国家风险是国家主权行为所引起的或与国家社会变动有关。在主权风险的范围内,国家作为交易的一方,通过其违约行为(例如停付外债本金或利息)直接构成风险,通过政策和法规的变动(例如调整汇率和税率等)间接构成风险,在转移风险范围内,国家不一定是交易的直接参与者,但国家的政策、法规却影响着该国内的企业或个人的交易行为。
Most of the articles of BOT project financing expound completion risk, management risk, financial risks , market risk, national risk ,and soon on ,which exist in BOT. but there seldom is a issue of moral hazard mentioned in those articles.
在我所看到的关于BOT项目融资的文章中,大多论述了在BOT中出现的完工风险,运营风险,金融风险,市场风险,国家风险等风险,却很少有提及经营者的道德风险问题。
参考来源 - BOT项目融资的博弈分析·2,447,543篇论文数据,部分数据来源于NoteExpress
现在,在所有董事会董事看来,日本国家风险已经提高。
Japan country risk has gone up in the eyes of boardroom directors everywhere now.
国家风险理论研究的缺乏导致在实践操作和防范上存在诸多困惑。
The lack of research on the theory of Country risk results in more and more difficulties in practice.
然而,许多研究探讨了国家风险,他们认为,这些风险将影响市场的反应,以及股东的财富。
However, many researches discussed about the country risks and they believe that these risks will influence the market reaction as well as the shareholders' wealth.
I think that these countries are somewhat trying to manage this oil risk but they can't yet get onto the frontier.
我想这些国家或多或少,都试着控制石油风险,但他们根本无法达到有效边界。
Anytime there's a risk that hits one person or one country the financial markets would spread it out over everybody and it gets very small.
如果有风险袭击一个人或者一个国家,金融市场就会将风险分摊到所有人身上,风险就变得微乎其微。
The socialist idea started to lead to a number of experiments in various countries around the world that were pooling risks-- they might not have put it this way.
这种社会主义设想,引发了全世界很多国家,在风险管理上的改制与试行-,他们可能没用“社会主义“这一叫法。
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