工作流程管理和缺陷-变更跟踪工具定义了变更的原因，发起人，解决程度等。
Workflow management and defect-and-change tracking tools identify why a change was needed, who requested it, and how close it is to being resolved.
每一个记入文件的变更申请必须由项目管理团队内部的有权者，或者代表某一外部组织的发起人、赞助人或顾客认可或否决。
Every documented requested change must be either accepted or rejected by some authority within the project management team or an external organization representing the initiator, sponsor, or customer.
发起人或其他相关人员决定取消已批准的变更。
The Originator or someone else decided to cancel an approved change.
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