本文比较了近音与通音、半元音、擦音、流音、元音之间的异同，认定普通话日母是近音而非浊擦音。

This paper compares approximants with continuants, semivowels, fricatives, liquids, and vowels, and identifies the initial ri in Mandarin as an approximant rather than a voiced fricative.

youdao

音节是由一个哑音字母和一个发声字母(元音或者半元音)构成的无意义的复合声音，没有A时GR是一个音节，而有a时gra也是一个音节。

A Syllable is a nonsignificant composite sound, made up of a mute and a Letter having a sound (a vowel or semivowel); for GR, without an a, is just as much a Syllable as GRA, with an a.

youdao

音节是由一个哑音字母和一个发声字母（元音或者半元音）构成的无意义的复合声音，没有A时GR是一个音节，而有A时GRA也是一个音节。

Syllable is a nonsignificant composite sound, made up of a mute and a Letter having a sound (a vowel or semivowel ); for GR, without an A, is just as much a Syllable as GRA, with an A.

youdao