多数学者认为它包含两个主要成份：元认知知识(metacognitive knowledge)和元认知过程(metacognitive process)。前者指个体对认知过程和结果的意识和理解；后者指个体对其认知过程的意志控制。
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元认知指有关认知过程的知识和对认知过程的调节。
Metacognition refers to the knowledge and regulation of cognition.
通常被广泛地定义为以认知过程和结果为对象的知识，之所以称为元认知是因为其核心意义是对认知的认知。
Usually it is widely defined as the knowledge which takes the cognition process and the result as the object, we call it metacognition because its core significance is understanding cognition.
所谓数学元认知能力，指的是个体依赖于自己的元认知知识和元认知体验在自己的数学认知过程中进行自我意识、自我监控的能力。
The mathematics meta-cognitive capability is the capability of ones self-awareness and self-monitoring relying on his knowledge of meta-cognitive and experience of meta-cognitive during h.
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