...层次:经济中存在生产能力的闲置 劳动力、 劳动力、资本 第二层次:价格水平不变( 第二层次:价格水平不变(Downward Rigidity) ) 工资、 工资、物价 第三层次:既定的价格水平下,总供给量是无限的。 第三层次:既定的价格水平下,总供给量是无限的。
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美国10月份零售价格水平涨幅低于预期,除了波动剧烈的食品和能源价格外,物价水平保持不变。
Prices at the retail level rose less than expected last month, and were unchanged when volatile food and energy prices were stripped out.
价格水平仍保持不变,并在不久的将来仍会保持同等水平。
Maintained prices at the same levels. These will remain the same for the foreseeable future.
以前价格预期在旧的水平上保持不变。
Prices were previously expected to be constant at the old level.
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