我想说明的是,奥斯汀所谓“以言行事的行为”(illocutionary acts)也许有更好的划分,也许根本无法划分。我们分析一下几个关键性的词:猜想、断定、知道、证明、希望、承诺、宣布、命令。
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传统言语行为理论认为,以言行事这一行为受条件规则的制约,并总结出一套言语行为的构成规则。
Traditional speech act theory claims that speech ACTS are governed by a set of constitutive rules, which are called felicity conditions of speech ACTS.
言语行为是人们通过话语的形式所实施的行为,即以言行事行为,比如,问候,道歉,请求,宣判和许诺等。
Speech act refers to the act performed by means of utterances, for example, greeting, apology, request, verdict, promise and so on.
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