事实自证（规则/原则）拉丁语：res ipsa loquitur事实自证，是指在缺乏充分证明的情况下让事实自己说话；这时举证责任转移至被告。他必须证明，如果没有他的过失，事故也会发生。
事实自证的证明方式在处理医疗侵权损害赔偿案件中有其优势。
Res ipsa loquitur proven method has its advantages in handling damages in medical tort cases.
事实自证制度通常并不涉及对被告过错的推定，也不必定导致举证责任的倒置。
Res ipsa loquitur does not normally entail a presumption of the defendant's fault, nor a shift in the burden of proof.
前者又可从行为人以及行为的角度分为理性人标准和危险标准；后者又可分为习惯和惯例标准，法律标准以及事实自证标准。
The former includes reasonable man criterion and danger theory criterion and the latter include custom, usage, law and fact self-proving criterion.
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