很多开发人员和地理信息系统(GIS)专家一直无法使用drawing Interchange Format (DXF)或“ drawing ” (dwg)格式的文件。

Many developers and geographic information system (GIS) professionals have been unable to use a drawing Interchange format (DXF) or "drawing" (DWG) file.

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针对露天采矿烟尘污染的特点，提出了地理信息系统与专家系统相集成的综合评价系统。

According to the characteristics of soot pollution in open pit mine, an integration evaluation system composed of GIS and ES is developed.

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