Second, there is a broad industry realization that departmental information technology (IT) systems are not islands and must be better aligned to business value.

第二，有一个广阔的工业意识，那就是部门化的信息技术(IT)系统并不是一个孤岛，必须最好与商业价值看齐。

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In any case, new graduate students can learn who their advisers or temporary advisers are by visiting or emailing the departmental office and asking for the information.

无论属于以上（哪种导师分配）情况，新生都可以通过拜访院系办公室或给院系办公室发邮件询问导师或者临时导师的信息。

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Lack of cross-departmental support, especially if the information is accessed and modified by applications that cross departmental boundaries.

缺少跨部门的支持，特别由应用程序跨部门边界访问和修改信息时更是如此。

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Cuomo's administration has earned a reputation for tightly controlling information and access to departmental public information officers.

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What about the enormous volumes of information, which rest in departmental silos and are hence never available for analysis outside of their ownership?

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In order to improve transparency, information about how much is owed to each department will now be included in quarterly departmental publications.

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