Active water or light oil is sent downhole through hollow rod to reduce oil flow resistance, thus producing heavy oil from deep formation through screw pump.
利用空心杆向井筒内掺入活性水或稀油，降低油流阻力，实现应用螺杆泵开采深层稠油。
The paper describes two methods of comparison of ship deep water resistance: (1) direct method of comparison and (2) comparison with "Standard Series" model resistance charts.
本文首先简单地介绍了深水阻力的两种比较方法即（1）直接比较法和（2）通过与标准船型的阻力性能比较。
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