To adjust upwards, the surplus countries would have to expand their spending to fill the vacuum left by American consumers and housebuilders, but that does not seem likely.

为了调节经济使其保持增长，盈余的国家必须扩大他们的支出以填满由美国消费者及房屋制造者造成的空白，但那似乎并不可能。

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Consumers buy whichever product offers the higher consumer surplus.

消费者将选择任何能带来较高消费者剩余的商品。

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The factories need the farms to feed their workers cheaply. The farms, in turn, need factories to draw underemployed field-hands off the land, transforming them from surplus labourers into consumers.

工业需要农业为工人提供廉价的农产品，反过来，农业需要工业来解放生产力，将剩余劳动力变成消费者。

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Consumer surplus, the benefits flowing to consumers lie in between.

消费者剩余,消费者得到的利益介于两者之间

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They could do that more easily if consumers in China and the other surplus countries were willing to buy more imported goods.

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"These policies of cutting taxes for the wealthiest Americans, of stripping away regulations that protect consumers, running up a record surplus to a record deficit -- those policies finally culminated in the worst financial crisis we've had since the Great Depression, " he said.

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How far a cyclical slowdown in investment translates into a rise in China's national saving surplus also depends on how consumers react.

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