Psychologist Nina Strohminger at the University of Pennsylvania, who was not involved in the study, says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable.

没有参与这项研究的宾夕法尼亚大学心理学家尼娜·施特罗明格指出，她希望这种影响是真实的，但不能排除一些未知的混杂变量。

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If that confounding variable can be taken care of, though, and the effect persists, the next obvious step is to determine what mechanism within the mother's body causes the discrepancy.

假设在排除这些变量因素的条件下(如果这些变量真的存在)，上述结果仍然生效，那么下一步就需要研究到底是母亲身体里的什么机制决定了子女的性别差异。

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Pay attention to results subgroup analysis in assessment of efficacy, seek and determine the effect point of intervention measures, make full use of data information and eliminate confounding factors.

疗效评价要注重结果的亚组分析，籍此可以寻求和确定干预措施的效应点，充分利用研究数据信息，剔除研究因素中的混杂因素。

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From the use of surrogate endpoints (based on biological plausibility and the results of preclinical studies) to the distinction between correlation and causation, confounding (whether the effect size is too large to be explained away by confounding), and the hypothesis-generating nature of the inferential process.

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This was designed to eliminate confounding factors such as the 'comforting' effect of drinking a cup of tea.

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If that confounding variable can be taken care of, though, and the effect persists, the next obvious step is to determine what mechanism within the mother's body causes the discrepancy.

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