Compulsory licences may also be granted in the event of a national emergency.

强制许可在国家处于紧急状态下也可被授予。

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Brazil wants to join Thailand, which has issued compulsory licences, in paying the poor-country price.

泰国是签发了强制性许可证的国家之一，而巴西也愿意参与泰国的强制活动以出低价进口药品。

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He also added that up to now China had not issued any compulsory licences for patent enforcement.

他还补充表示，到目前为止，中国还没有颁发过任何实施专利的强制许可。

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Naturally, advocates of greater access to essential medicines say that more compulsory licences would be good, and dismiss talk that research and development would suffer.

ECONOMIST: Drugs and intellectual property

But compulsory licences for chronic diseases are more controversial.

ECONOMIST: Drugs and emerging markets: Tripped up | The

In Northern Ireland, dog owners are required to have licences for their dogs, and compulsory microchipping was introduced in April 2012.

BBC: Dog attack plans 'woefully inadequate' say MPs