In order to obtain the dynamic model of the process to be used by robust PID, closed-loop model identification algorithm in frequency domain is researched.

为了获得鲁棒pid参数整定所需的过程模型，进行了闭环频域模型辨识的研究。

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By the closed-loop model of man-machine system, the paper analyses driver's control behavior and the relation between the parameter of driver's adaptability and control behavior.

文中通过人机系统模型，分析了驾驶员的控制特性以及驾驶适合性参数与控制特性的关系。

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After building closed-loop model, we can analyze and evaluate the performances of IFOG in theory, and improve it, which provide evidences for designing system and choosing optical components.

闭环模型建立后，能从理论上分析、评价、改善IFOG性能，为系统设计和选择光学器件提供了依据。

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American Express says it is uniquely positioned to offer the service thanks to its "closed-loop" business model in which it acts as card issuer, merchant acquirer and payment processing operator.

BBC: Foursquare and Amex join forces in UK to offer discounts

American Express has successfully implemented its spend-centric model and closed-loop network to achieve growth over the last few years and was one of the few financial companies to come out of the economic crisis of 2008 virtually unscathed.

FORBES: Quick Take

There are many areas of overlap between biomimicry and "cradle-to-cradle" particularly in the way that ecosystems present a great model of closed loop systems in which any waste from one organism becomes the nutrient for something else.

CNN: STORY HIGHLIGHTS