Together, these twopigmentsaccount for just about every coloryoumightsee on theskinofmammals: white, red, yellow, brown, and blackand every shade in between.
Nonetheless, in a recent study by Harvard's Richard Murnane and co-authors, differences in mother-child interaction patterns like these were found to account for one-third of the black-white gap in math and English skills at the beginning of kindergarten -- and one-quarter at the end of third grade.