Shamayal Yakoob, 18, from Birmingham, said: "I have tried to get in to college many times, but my name is just put on the waiting list."

来自伯明翰18岁的Shamayal Yakoob说道，“我向大学申请了很多次，但是每次我都是在候选名单当中。”

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Under the new guidelines, University College Birmingham was granted university status in December.

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Cramlington Community High in Northumberland encourages parents to e-mail teachers to discuss children's progress, and the Cardinal Wiseman Catholic Technology College in Birmingham has a website with an "e-portal" for parents.

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Scott Upton, vice principal of Sandwell College in Birmingham, said a formal apprenticeship is the "gold standard of vocational training" and rushing candidates through an apprenticeship programme will devalue the entire system.

BBC: Millions spent on apprentice firms without scrutiny