Dr. Schlesinger also addressed the outdated "bi-polar" thinking that seems to animate the nuclear abolition movement and the need not only to reject such notions but also to pursue, in light of the character of the post-Cold War world, periodic low-yield underground testing, nuclear modernization and the deployment of strategic anti-missile defenses as soon as they are available.
By contrast, the Bush Administration has formulated a Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) that envisions maintaining the effectiveness of the U.S. nuclear stockpile by retiring older weapons and modernization, restoring the critically important nuclear industrial base and introducing anti-missile and other defenses against nuclear attack.