The above show that, the attack rate of infected predator and vertical transmission can make it easier for the disease spread between populations.
以上研究发现，染病者的捕食因素和疾病可垂直感染都可以使疾病更容易在种群中流行。
Pullorum is a bacterial disease caused by Salmonella pullorum through both horizontal and vertical transmission, mainly affecting chickens and turkeys.
鸡白痢是由鸡白痢沙门氏菌引起，主要危害鸡和火鸡，水平兼垂直传播的细菌性疾病。
We call that vertical transmission, but there is probably a mixture of this and the algae being absorbed from the environment.
我们称之为垂直传递，但可能两种情况都存在，海藻也可以是从环境中吸收进来的。
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