So far, says Barmak Nassirian of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, boot-camps have not been proved to do much for low-income students without a college degree.

美国国家高等院校协会的巴马克克·纳西里安（Barmak Nassirian）声称，至今也没有证据显示，这些训练营为那些未获得大学学位的低收入学生带来了多大的贡献。

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