However, instead of heating the entire sample, the researchers used a hot atomic force microscope (AFM) tip to convert very narrow ribbons, measuring just 12 nm across, into reduced graphene.

然而，研究人员并非采用加热整个样本的方案，而是使用了原子力显微镜(afm)一个加热探针去转换出一条仅有12纳米宽的导电带。

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The method, developed with support from the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Packard Foundation, works by changing the programming that controls an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM).

该技术由瑞士国家科学基金会和帕卡德基金会提供资金支持，它通过编程来控制原子力显微镜（AFM）工作。

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While the research is still in its early days, it is possible that the new technique could be extended so that arrays of AFM tips rapidly write circuits at high rates across graphene wafers.

虽然研究还处于初期，但这项新技术可能得到扩展，如让AF M探针阵列能高效、迅速地在石墨烯薄片上刻写电路。

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They are carried out at a scale so small that room temperature induces wigglings of the AFM's constituent molecules that would blur the images, so the apparatus is kept at a cool -268C.

BBC: Atomic bond types discernible in single-molecule images