The structural properties of these objects are investigated in the study of groups, rings, fields and other abstract systems, which are themselves such objects.

这些对象的结构性能进行了研究的群，环，域和其他抽象的系统，其本身这样的对象的研究。

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Because forms can be converted into XML so easily, it is now possible to build systems that are driven primarily by business objectives in intuitive ways, rather than by abstract computing paradigms.

因为可以非常轻松地将表单转换为XML，所以现在构建主要由业务目标(以直观方式表示的)驱动的，而不是通过抽象的计算范例驱动的系统成为可能。

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Logical volume management (LVM) is a way systems can abstract physical volume management into a higher-level and usually simpler paradigm.

逻辑卷管理(lvm)指系统将物理卷管理抽象到更高的层次，常常会形成更简单的管理模式。

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The last line of that abstract also highlights why it is that free (or even freeish) market systems so outperform the non-market ones.

FORBES: Does Management Matter?

The Cascalog system has combined the Cascading system for abstraction of advanced data processing on Hadoop and other systems, the Datalog declarative programming language that is well suited for expressing database queries in an abstract form, and the Clojure language to create a declarative language for queries that can be run on Apache Hadoop.

FORBES: Why Adopting the Declarative Programming Practices Will Improve Your Return from Technology

It said focusing on an abstract target could draw attention away from the effectiveness of aid, and its possible corrosive impact on the political systems in recipient countries.

BBC: Development aid debate