Res ipsa loquitur proven method has its advantages in handling damages in medical tort cases.

事实自证的证明方式在处理医疗侵权损害赔偿案件中有其优势。

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Res ipsa loquitur does not normally entail a presumption of the defendant's fault, nor a shift in the burden of proof.

事实自证制度通常并不涉及对被告过错的推定，也不必定导致举证责任的倒置。

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The Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (IPSA), created last year, is apparently nothing like as "fair, workable and transparent" as it claims to be.

去年，国际公共部门会计标准局成立了。但却似乎不像它标榜的那么公正、可行和透明，因为它所制定的要求和规范很复杂，令人费解。

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Ipsa says it has filed a claim at the High Court to recoup the money.

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There are stories of honourable members making their frustrations very clear to Ipsa staff.

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He said they would now be dealt with by the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (IPSA).

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