如何从各种噪声尤其是强烈的不均匀背景光噪声中提取清晰完整的条纹是热流场层析图预处理的主要问题。

How to extract clear and intact fringes from all kinds of noises, especially strongly inhomogeneous background illumination, is the key problem in preprocessing of thermal flow field tomogram.

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近红外光谱不但包含着物质成分信息，而且这些信息完全掩盖在众多复杂背景当中（包括光散射、背景噪声以及背景漂移）。

With NIR spectra, the analytical information is contained in small spectral variations and usually dominated by the features such as light scattering, background noise and baseline drift.

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要实现对单细胞的光学检测，需容积小、光学收集效率高、低噪声的检测器和低的背景光。

To achieve the optic detection in individual cell, it is prerequisite for optical detector to be tiny volume, highly optical collection - efficiency, low noise and light background.

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