真核系统由主单元及CE 模块组成，可电转化哺乳动物细胞和植物原生质体。CE 模块具有25-3,275 µF 跨度，提供了一种通过增加脉冲时间常数来控制电路电容的方法。对于方波脉冲，CE 模块能提供从传送方波脉冲到低电阻介质所需的大电容。
“这给了真核生物基因原料，使它们能够积累新的基因。从规模上来讲，重大基因家族和调节系统对于细菌来讲是完全无法负担的”莱恩博士说。
"This gives eukaryotes the genetic raw material that enables them to accumulate new genes, big gene families and regulatory systems on a scale that is totally unaffordable to bacteria," said Dr Lane.
我们有的一切都属于我们原核生物的祖先，所以我们继续在真核生物中发现原核生物系统并不新鲜；实际上，如果我们没发现那才奇怪呢。
We owe everything to our prokaryotic ancestors and so it is not surprising that we continue to find prokaryotic systems in eukaryotes; in fact, it would be surprising if we did not.
我们仍然需要解释的是更特化的真核生物的磷酸化途径是怎么进化而来并取代了细菌的系统。
What still needs to be explained is how the more typical eukaryotic phosphorylation cascades evolved and came to replace the bacterial systems.
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