论文第二章研究了等离子体中横向扰动下的(3 + 1)维弱非线性离子声波，得到了描述离子声孤波的(3 + 1)维kp方程。
In chapter two, the (3 + 1) dimensional weakly nonlinear ion acoustic wave at higher order transverse perturbations in plasma was discussed and described by the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation.
非线性朗道阻尼强烈地影响着离子声波。
The ion acoustic wave is greatly affected by nonlinear Landau damping.
热尘埃等离子体中的非线性尘埃声孤波在高阶横向扰动下是稳定的，且尘埃颗粒的温度、低温离子和高温离子的温度和数密度影响尘埃声波的性质。
The temperature of dust grains, low temperature and high temperature ions and the number densities of the ions influence the property of dust acoustic waves.
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