瑞典里斯克银行在1931年至1937年采用这一目标制来防止其脱离黄金标准后所产生的通货膨胀和通货紧缩。

Sweden’s Riksbank did it from 1931 to 1937 as a way of warding off both inflation and deflation after leaving the gold standard.

youdao

你更担心通货膨胀还是通货紧缩？

SHOULD you fret more about inflation or deflation?

youdao

然而，现在希腊与德国拥有相同的货币，降低希腊相对成本的唯一途径是通过某种德国通货膨胀与希腊通货紧缩相结合的办法。

Now that Greece and Germany share the same currency, however, the only way to reduce Greek relative costs is through some combination of German inflation and Greek deflation.

youdao

The value of money changes through time because of inflation or deflation; yet, most of our debts are written in money terms.

货币的价值因时而异,那是因为存在通货膨胀和通货紧缩;,但是，我们大多数负债都以货币方式记录。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

It wasn't caused by the Fed's sudden tightening against inflation. It was different it was this recession was not understood not anticipated; the Fed came in late to cut interest rates to try to prevent it from being worse because it just didn't seem to have any reason for happening.

它不是由于美联储对通货膨胀的,突然紧缩政策造成的，它不同之处在于,这个经济衰退没有被理解，没有事先准备好；,美联储试图阻止它恶化而,降低利率为时已晚，因为,它似乎看起来没有任何理由发生。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Now there was inflation with regard to a basket of the Consumer Price Index is not just the price of gold; it's the price of many things but the there would be inflation or deflation as the relative price of gold changed.

现在，就一组物品来说，是存在通货膨胀的,消费者价格指数并不仅仅是金子的价格；,它是很多东西的价格，但是,当金子的相对价格变化时,通货膨胀或通货紧缩就会发生。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选