这些基于种族和阶级的传统本身就挑战了父权婚姻的合法性。

These ethnic- and class-based traditions themselves challenged the legitimacy of patriarchal marriage.

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然而，这些小说明确承认了人物的社会和种族背景，这意味着他们不被认为是传统意义上的“无种族”。

However, these novels' explicit acknowledgment of their characters' social and ethnic backgrounds meant that they were not considered "raceless" in the old-fashioned sense.

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这倒不是因为他也喜欢和那些强调肯定性的人们呆在一起，匹廷斯基先生希望能够把关于“冲突研究”和“种族关联”的传统观念颠倒过来。

This is not just because he too likes to hang around people who accentuate the positive. Mr Pittinsky's hope is to turn the conventional wisdom of "conflict studies" and "race relations" upside down.

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