等离子体——一种有时被称为物质第四状态的电离气体——通常存在于上千摄氏度中，而热等离子体常常被用于外科手术器械的消毒。
Plasma — an ionized gas sometimes called the fourth state of matter — typically exists at thousands of degrees Celsius, and hot plasmas are regularly used to sterilizing surgical equipment.
日冕的电离气体（又叫等离子体）不仅非常炙热，而且异常稀薄，其密度还不到组成太阳主体的氢气密度的十亿分之一。
As well as being very hot, the ionised gas of the corona (called plasma) has a superthin consistency. It is less than a billionth of the density of the hydrogen that makes up the main ball of the Sun.
阴极发射出电子用以加热栅极并和产生的可电离气体原子相碰撞来产生离子。
A cathode emits electrons to heat the grid and to collide with produced ionizable gas atoms to generate ions.
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